Number Duel Games
Calcudoku
Calcudoku is the generic name for the puzzle type also known as KenKen or Mathdoku. Invented by Japanese math teacher Tetsuya Miyamoto in 2004, it combines the Latin Square rule of Sudoku with arithmetic cage constraints. Every row and column must contain each number from 1 to N exactly once, and cells grouped into cages must satisfy the arithmetic target and operation shown in the cage corner.
How to Play Calcudoku
- Fill the grid so each row and column contains numbers 1 to N exactly once.
- Cells are grouped into cages, shown by thick borders.
- Each cage shows a target number and an operation (e.g., "12×" means the cage numbers multiply to 12).
- Addition cages: sum the numbers to reach the target.
- Multiplication cages: multiply the numbers to reach the target.
- Subtraction cages: subtract the smaller from the larger to match the target.
- Division cages: divide the larger by the smaller to match the target.
- Single-cell cages show the answer directly (a free clue).
Calcudoku vs KenKen vs Mathdoku — What's the Difference?
These three names all refer to the same puzzle. KenKen is the trademarked name used by the original publisher. Calcudoku and Mathdoku are the generic names used when the puzzle appears outside the official KenKen brand. The rules, cage types, and solving strategies are identical across all three names. If you enjoy Sudoku, Calcudoku adds a mathematical layer that exercises both logic and arithmetic skills.
Calcudoku Grid Sizes
- 4×4: Beginner-friendly. Numbers 1–4. Quick to solve.
- 6×6: Intermediate challenge. Numbers 1–6. Requires more deduction.
- 9×9: Expert level. Numbers 1–9. The ultimate Calcudoku test.
Calcudoku Solving Tips
- Fill in single-cell cages first — they give you free numbers.
- Look for cages with limited possibilities (e.g., "3+" in a 2-cell 4×4 cage can only be 1+2).
- Apply Sudoku-style row/column elimination throughout.
- For multiplication cages, factorize the target to list all valid combinations.
- For subtraction and division cages, note that order doesn't matter — always subtract/divide larger by smaller.
- Use the process of elimination: once a row has most numbers filled, the remaining cells are constrained.
Related Games
- KenKen — the original name for Calcudoku
- KenKen Online — play in your browser
- Sudoku for Kids — block-based logic puzzle
- 24 Game Online — arithmetic puzzle